2 Chronicles 23:1

Authorized King James Version

And in the seventh year Jehoiada strengthened himself, and took the captains of hundreds, Azariah the son of Jeroham, and Ishmael the son of Jehohanan, and Azariah the son of Obed, and Maaseiah the son of Adaiah, and Elishaphat the son of Zichri, into covenant with him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּבַשָּׁנָ֨ה
year
a year (as a revolution of time)
#2
הַשְּׁבִעִ֜ית
And in the seventh
seventh
#3
הִתְחַזַּ֣ק
strengthened
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
#4
יְהֽוֹיָדָ֗ע
Jehoiada
jehojada, the name of three israelites
#5
וַיִּקַּ֣ח
himself and took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#6
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
שָׂרֵ֣י
the captains
a head person (of any rank or class)
#8
הַמֵּא֡וֹת
of hundreds
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#9
וְלַֽעֲזַרְיָ֨הוּ
Azariah
azarjah, the name of nineteen israelites
#10
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#11
יְרֹחָ֡ם
of Jeroham
jerocham, the name of seven or eight israelites
#12
וּלְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל
and Ishmael
jishmael, the name of abraham's oldest son, and of five israelites
#13
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#14
יְ֠הֽוֹחָנָן
of Jehohanan
jehochanan, the name of eight israelites
#15
וְלַֽעֲזַרְיָ֨הוּ
Azariah
azarjah, the name of nineteen israelites
#16
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#17
עוֹבֵ֜ד
of Obed
obed, the name of five israelites
#18
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#19
מַֽעֲשֵׂיָ֧הוּ
and Maaseiah
maasejah, the name of sixteen israelites
#20
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#21
עֲדָיָ֛הוּ
of Adaiah
adajah, the name of eight israelites
#22
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#23
אֱלִֽישָׁפָ֥ט
and Elishaphat
elishaphat, an israelite
#24
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#25
זִכְרִ֖י
of Zichri
zicri, the name of twelve israelites
#26
עִמּ֥וֹ
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#27
בַבְּרִֽית׃
into covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

Analysis

Within the broader context of 2 Chronicles, this passage highlights covenant through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by introducing key themes that will be developed throughout 2 Chronicles.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show treaty language and adoption practices from the ancient world, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection